• Pamela Natasha Bugembe
• June 18, 2025

Oftentimes, our understanding of PTSD trickles down from War movies. And although these often provide insight, we do not get a full visual on the condition which then affects how we perceive and understand it. And one key factor to understanding mental health conditions is to relentlessly learn more. The sole purpose of this article is to educate us all on what PTSD is and what it is not!

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that is caused by an extremely stressful or terrifying event— either being part of it or witnessing it. PTSD similarly varies with each individual. Common causes of PTSD include sexual assault or harassment, abuse, and combat.

Symptoms of PTSD.

Intrusive Memories. Flashbacks, distressing nightmares related to the trauma. Unwanted, recurring thoughts about the event and severe emotional distress when reminded of the trauma.

Avoidance. Steering clear of places, people, or activities that trigger memories of the trauma. Trying not to think or talk about the traumatic event.

Negative Changes in thinking and mood. Persistent negative thoughts, feelings of guilt, shame, or blame. Emotional numbness or detachment from loved ones and loss of interest in activities once enjoyed.

Changes in Physical and Emotional Reactions. Being easily startled or feeling constantly on edge. Difficulty sleeping or concentrating. Irritability, angry outbursts, or reckless behavior. Physical symptoms like headaches, dizziness, or stomach aches.

Effects of PTSD on brain functioning;

PTSD can cause significant changes in brain structure and function, particularly in areas related to fear, emotions, and memory. It affects the Amygdala, leading to heightened fear and emotional reactions, even in safe situations. Hippocampus, affecting the ability to distinguish between past trauma and present reality, which can cause flashbacks. Prefrontal Cortex, making it harder to control fear responses and rational thinking. Stress Hormones, keeping the brain in a constant state of alertness, which can lead to anxiety and difficulty relaxing.

Facts from Fictions about PTSD.

FICTION	FACT
PTSD only affects military veterans.	PTSD can impact anyone who has experienced trauma, including survivors of accidents, abuse, natural disasters, or violence.
People with PTSD are weak	PTSD is a natural response to trauma and has nothing to do with personal strength or weakness.
PTSD occurs immediately after trauma.	Symptoms can take months or even years to appear, making it harder to recognize and diagnose.
PTSD is just about flashbacks and nightmares.	PTSD can also cause emotional numbness, difficulty concentrating, and heightened anxiety.
All people with PTSD are dangerous	Majority are actually non-violent.
Most people exposed to trauma will develop PTSD	Many people experience trauma without developing PTSD.

Seeking Help.

1.Professional Help. Therapy interventions, medication and support groups are key in aiding wellness for people dealing with PTSD. Seek help!

2.Self-Help Strategies (although better effective alongside professional help). Such as Mindfulness and relaxation, routine and structure as well as healthy lifestyle in food and physical activity.

3.Reaching Out. Talking to Loved Ones, sharing your feelings with trusted friends or family can provide emotional support. Helplines & Online Resources and Community Support.

Written and Compiled by;

PAMELA NATASHA BUGEMBE.